DADiSP Worksheet Functions > Function Categories > Matrix Math and Special Matrices > ^^ (Matrix Power)

 

^^ (Matrix Power)

Purpose:

Raises a matrix to a scalar power or a scalar to a matrix power.

Syntax:

A ^^ p

A

-

A non-singular, square matrix or a scalar. The base.

p

-

A square matrix or scalar if A is a matrix. The exponent.

Returns:

A matrix.

Example:

a = {{1, 2, 3},

     {4, 5, 6}, 

     {7, 8, 0}} 

 

b = a^^3

 

b == {{279, 360, 306},

      {684, 873, 684}, 

      {738, 900, 441}} 

 

c = a^^1.5

 

c == {{ 7.245 - 2.116i,  9.115 - 1.718i,  6.304 + 2.891i},

      {17.096 - 2.596i, 21.508 - 2.608i, 14.875 + 4.099i}, 

      {15.465 + 6.185i, 19.456 + 5.746i, 13.457 - 9.250i}} 

 

d = 1.5^^a

 

d == {{24.009, 29.166, 20.401},

      {54.739, 69.769, 47.985}, 

      {49.996, 62.783, 43.550}} 

Remarks:

A^^0 == eye(size(A)) the identity matrix.

 

A^^-1 == inv(A) the matrix inverse.

 

A^^1 == A

 

 

Given matrix A and scalar p:

 

For p a positive integer, A^^p is equivalent to:

 

A *^ A ^* A *^ A ... *^ A (p times.)

 

For p a negative integer, A^^p is equivalent to the positive case except the inverse of A is multiplied.

 

For p a real or complex number, the function computes the matrix power using eigenvectors and eigenvalues as follows:

 

(v, d) = eig(A)

A^^p == (v *^ (d ^ p)) /^ v

 

For p^^A, the matrix power is calculated as:

 

(v, d) = eig(A)

(v *^ diag(p ^ diag(d))) /^ v

 

If neither p nor A are matrices, ^^ defaults to the standard ^ operator. For example:

 

4 ^^ 3 == 64

 

If both p and A are matrices, an error occurs.

 

See the ^ operator to raise each element of an array to a power.

 

See DADiSP/MatrixXL to significantly optimize ^^.

See Also:

*^ (Matrix Multiply)

\^ (Matrix Solve)

+ - * / ^ % (Arithmetic Operators)

DADiSP/MatrixXL

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