DADiSP Worksheet Functions > Function Categories > Matrix Math and Special Matrices > ORTH

 

ORTH

Purpose:

Computes an orthonormal basis of an array using SVD.

Syntax:

ORTH(a)

 

a  -  An input array.

Returns:

An orthonormal array of n columns where n == rank(a).

Example:

W1: {{1, 3},

     {2, 2}, 

     {3, -1}} 

 

W2: orth(W1)

 

W2 == {{-0.666667, -0.447214},

       {-0.666667,  0.000000}, 

       {-0.333333,  0.894427}} 

 

Since W2 is an orthonormal basis for W1,

 

col(w2, 1)' *^ col(w2, 1) == {1}

 

i.e. column 1 is orthonormal to itself.

 

col(w2, 1)' *^ col(w2, 2) == {-1.665335E-016}

 

i.e. column 1 and column 2 are orthogonal.

 

w2' *^ w2  == {{1, 0},

               {0, 1}} 

 

i.e. the identity matrix.

 

Now construct a new series that is a linear combination of the original series:

 

W3: 2*col(w1, 1) - 5*col(w1, 2)

 

returns {-13, -6, 11}.

 

W3 can also be expressed as a linear combination of W2, the orthonormal basis:

 

a1 = w3' *^ col(w2, 1)

a2 = w3' *^ col(w2, 2)

 

W4: a1 * col(w2, 1) + a2 * col(w2, 1)

 

a1 == {9.0}

a2 == {15.652476}

W4 == {-13, -6, 11}

Remarks:

ORTH uses SVD to compute the orthonormal basis. The number of output columns is limited to the RANK of the input array.

See Also:

NORM

NULL

RANK

SVD