DADiSP Online Help

Click here to see this page in full context

DADiSP Worksheet Functions > Function Categories > Fourier Transforms and Signal Processing > ZFREQ

ZFREQ

Purpose:

Evaluates the frequency response of a Z-transform.

Syntax:

ZFREQ(b, a, N, Fs, whole)

A series. The numerator (i.e. zero) coefficients in ascending powers of z^-1.

A series. The denominator (i.e. pole) coefficients in ascending powers of z^-1. If the first coefficient is not 1.0, the coefficients are assumed to be in difference equation form.

Optional. An integer, the number of output samples, defaults to 2048.

Optional. A real, the sample rate of data. If the rates of the numerator and denominator coefficients are equal, the rate defaults to the coefficient rate, else the rate defaults to 1.0.

whole

Optional. An integer or string, the evaluation contour. Valid inputs are:

0:	evaluate the transform only over the upper half of the unit circle (default)
1:	evaluate the transform over the entire unit circle

If whole is a string, the transform is evaluated over the entire unit circle.

Alternate Syntax:

ZFREQ(c, N, Fs, whole)

A series. The system coefficients in cascaded bi-quad form. If c contains 2 columns, the coefficients are assumed to be in direct form, where the first column is b and the second column is a.

Optional. An integer, the number of output samples, defaults to 2048.

Optional. A real, the sample rate of data. Defaults to the rate of the coefficients.

whole

Optional. An integer or string, the evaluation contour. Valid inputs are:

0:	evaluate the transform only over the upper half of the unit circle (default)
1:	evaluate the transform over the entire unit circle

If whole is a string, the transform is evaluated over the entire unit circle.

Returns:

A complex series.

Example:

W1: mag(zfreq({1}, {1, -0.5, 0.6}))

setxlog(w1, 1);setylog(w1, 1);

gridsol;gridhv;scales(2)

$image\zfreqpic.gif$

W1 contains 2048 uniformly spaced samples of the magnitude of the frequency response of the Z-transform:

$image\zfreq01.gif$

The frequency samples range from 0 to 0.5 Hz.

Example:

W1: zfreq( {1}, {1, -0.5, 0.6}, 0..1/200..0.5)

Same as the previous example, except the complex response is returned and explicit frequencies (in Hertz) are specified.

Example:

W2: zfreq( {1}, {0.5, -0.6} )

Since the leading pole coefficient is not 1.0, the coefficients are assumed to be in difference equation form, i.e. the coefficients represent the system:

$image\zfreq02.gif$

The Z-transform of this difference equation is identical to the previous example, so ZFREQ yields the same result.

Example:

W1: zfreq( {1}, {1, -0.5, 0.6}, 1024, 1.0, 1 )

Same as the first example, except the 1024 samples of the frequency response are evaluated over the entire unit circle, i.e. the frequency samples range from 0.0 to 1.0 Hz.

Remarks:

ZFREQ uses the FFT method to evaluate the specified number of uniformly spaced samples over the unit circle of a Z-transform in direct form. If a[1] = 1, the coefficients are assumed to be in standard Z-transform form:

$image\grp03.gif$

z	=	e^jω complex frequency
N	=	number of numerator terms
M	=	number of denominator terms

This form represents the following difference equation:

$image\filteq07.gif$

If the leading term of the denominator is not 1.0, a[1] ≠ 1, the coefficients are assumed to be in difference equation form:

$image\zfreq03.gif$

or equivalently:

$image\filteq06.gif$

For zfreq(c, N, Fs, whole), the input c is assumed to be a single column of coefficients in cascaded bi-quad form. This is the output format of IIR filters designed by DADiSP/Filters and processed by the CASCADE function.

or equivalently:

where G is the system gain, b_k and a_k are the filter coefficients for the k^th stage.

If c contains 2 columns, the coefficients are assumed to be in direct form, where the first column is b and the second column is a.

ZFREQ returns a complex series. Use MAG or PHASE to obtain the magnitude and/or phase components separately.

See IMPZ to display the impulse response of a Z-transform.

See FREQZ to automatically display the magnitude and phase responses in two separate Windows.

ZFREQ

Purpose:

Syntax:

Alternate Syntax:

Returns:

Example:

Example:

Example:

Example:

Remarks:

See Also: